Tang-era piece: Su He Xiang
《蘇合香》
compiled by David Badagnani (rev. 13 August 2022)
In an effort to make this information more accessible, this document contains resources related to the Tang-era piece entitled Su He Xiang《蘇合香》(Liquidambar Incense), which exists in the form of instrumental parts for a suite in the Dorian mode on B, called Panshe diao (盤渉調) in Chinese and Banshiki-chō in Japanese, comprising three movements:
2) 破 (Po / Ha) - "broaching"/breaking/developing1) 序 (Xu / Jo) - prelude/beginning, in five sections
3) 急 (Ji / Kyū) - quick/rushing to the end
1) Hakuga Fue-fu『博雅笛譜』, also known as Hakuga no Fue-fu (literally "Hakuga's Fue Scores"), and properly known as Shinsen Gaku-fu (Chōshukyō Chiku-fu)『新撰樂譜（長秋卿竹譜）』(literally "Newly Compiled Music Scores (Lord Long Autumn's Bamboo [Flute] Scores)") (966)
2) and 3) Sango Yōroku and Jinchi Yōroku, both of which were compiled in the late 12th century
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Chinese historical sources mentioning Su He Xiang
● Jiaofang Ji《教坊记》(The Conservatory Records)
A collection of short essays by the Tang Dynasty scholar Cui Lingqin (崔令钦, fl. 749).
● Jiegu Lu《羯鼓錄》
Jiegu Lu is a book on music in two parts by Nan Zhuo (南卓, fl. 848-850). The first part was completed in 848 and the second in 850.
https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E7%BE%AF%E9%BC%93%E9%8C%84
https://zh.wikisource.org/zh/%E7%BE%AF%E9%BC%93%E9%8C%84
● Yuefu Zalu《乐府杂录》(Miscellaneous Notes Regarding the Music Bureau)
A collection of small essays (biji, 笔记) by the Tang scholar Duan Anjie (段安节, fl. 880-898), published around 890 near the end of the Tang Dynasty. This work survives in no fewer than 23 different editions. An extensively annotated German translation was published by Martin Gimm (b. 1930) in 1966.
● In his collection Baishi Daoren Gequ《白石道人歌曲》(c. 1202), the Southern Song Dynasty poet/musician/composer Jiang Kui (姜夔, c. 1155-c. 1221) mentions Su He Xiang in his preface to the poetic song "Nichang Zhong Xu Di Yi"《霓裳中序第一》(Rainbow Skirts Middle Prelude, no. 1):
丙午岁，留长沙，登祝融，因得其祠神之曲，曰《黄帝盐》、《苏合香》
(translated by Laurence Picken):
In 1186 I stayed at Ch'ang-sha and visited the temple of the God of Fire in order to hear the melody for sacrifice to the god, namely: 'The Yellow Emperor's Introit, "Liquid-amber".
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Tang-era poems mentioning Su He Xiang
《失调名 苏合香》
作者：无名氏（唐）
Anonymous (Tang Dynasty)
兴未□。
望休□。
迢逍边塞长。
青山昏自阴，秋树本来黄。
秋树□无叶。
鸟来何处藏。
日炽蒲桃垂，风吹苏合香。
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Videos and recordings of Su He Xiang
● Performance of the "Po" movement of Su He Xiang, performed by Bilibili user Beilin Zhai Zhuren (北林斋主人), heng di (China, 2021)
● Performance of the "Ji" movement of Su He Xiang, performed by Bilibili user Beilin Zhai Zhuren (北林斋主人), heng di (China, 2022)
● Full-ensemble realization of Su He Xiang, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds, revised version 2 (Japan, 2022)
● Full-ensemble realization of the "Ji" movement of Su He Xiang, done by Bilibili user 冯氏羊肉馆 using synthesized sounds (China, 2022)
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Bibliography
● Marett, Allan. "Hakuga's Flute-Score: A Tenth-Century Japanese Source of 'Tang-Music' in Tablature." Ph.D. dissertation. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1976. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/250716
● Marett, Allan. "Tunes Notated in Flute-Tablature from a Japanese Source of the Tenth Century." Musica Asiatica, vol. 1 (1977), pp. 1-59.
● Marett, Allan. "Tunes Notated in Flute-Tablature from a Japanese Source of the Tenth Century." Musica Asiatica, vol. 1 (1977), pp. 1-59.
● Laurence Picken, ed., with Rembrandt F. Wolpert, Allan J. Marett, Jonathan Condit, and Elizabeth J. Markham, and with Yōko Mitani and Noël J. Nickson. Music from the Tang Court, vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
● Wolpert, Rembrandt. "Tang-Music (Tōgaku) Manuscripts for Lute and Their Interrelationships." In Music and Tradition: Essays on Asian and Other Musics Presented to Laurence Picken; ed. D. R. Widdess and R. F. Wolpert (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981), pp. 69-121.
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