Tang-era piece: Fang Ying Yue
《放鷹樂》
compiled by David Badagnani (rev. 12 March 2023)
In an effort to make this information more accessible, this document contains resources related to the Tang-era piece entitled Fang Ying Yue《放鷹樂》, which exists in the form of instrumental parts for a single-movement piece in the Mixolydian mode.
As preserved in Sino-Japanese sources, this piece is called Hōyōraku『放鷹樂（ほうようらく）』, and it appears in the following score collections:
1) and 2) Sango Yōroku and Jinchi Yōroku, both of which were compiled in the late 12th century
3) Ruisō Chiyō『類箏治要』(1296 or c. 1261)
4) Rosei Yōroku Rosei Yōroku, which dates to the 17th century (perhaps 1661)
According to musicologist Steven G. Nelson, in Nara- and early Heian-period Japan (8th and 9th centuries) this piece was sometimes performed for imperial hunting expeditions, during which members of Japan's imperial court hunted with falcons.
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Chinese historical sources mentioning Fang Ying Yue
● Jiegu Lu《羯鼓錄》
Jiegu Lu is a book on music in two parts by Nan Zhuo (南卓, fl. 848-850). The first part was completed in 848 and the second in 850.
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Chinese poems mentioning Fang Ying Yue
《放鹰》
(Fang Ying)
作者：白居易（唐）
(Fang Ying)
作者：白居易（唐）
by Bai Juyi (Tang Dynasty, 772-846)
十月鹰出笼，草枯雉兔肥。
下韝随指顾，百掷无一遗。
鹰翅疾如风，鹰爪利如锥。
本为鸟所设，今为人所资。
孰能使之然，有术甚易知。
取其向背性，制在饥饱时。
不可使长饱，不可使长饥。
饥则力不足，饱则背人飞。
乘饥纵搏击，未饱须絷维。
所以爪翅功，而人坐收之。
圣明驭英雄，其术亦如斯。
鄙语不可弃，吾闻诸猎师。
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Videos and recordings of Fang Ying Yue
● Full-ensemble realization of Fang Ying Yue, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds, revised version 2 (Japan, 2022)
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http://earlychinesemusic.blogspot.com/2020/04/site-index.html
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