Tang-era piece: Wan Sui Yue
《萬歳樂》
compiled by David Badagnani (rev. 23 July 2023)
In an effort to make this information more accessible, this document contains resources related to the Tang-era piece entitled Wan Sui Yue (《萬歳樂》or《萬歲樂》), which exists in the form of instrumental parts for a single-movement piece in the Dorian mode.
As preserved in Sino-Japanese sources, this piece is called Manzairaku『萬歳樂（まんざいらく）』, and it appears in the following score collections:
1) and 2) Sango Yōroku and Jinchi Yōroku, both of which were compiled in the late 12th century
3) Ko-fu-Ryoritsu-no-Maki『古譜呂律巻』, also called Hōshō-fu『鳳笙譜』(1201)
4) Ruisō Chiyō『類箏治要』(1296 or c. 1261)
Chinese historical sources mentioning Wan Sui Yue
5) Rosei Yōroku『蘆聲要録』(perhaps 1661)
The list of "Tang music" pieces prepared by the Japanese flute player Heguri no Hideshige (平群秀茂) that appears in his Sango Hishō『三五秘抄』(928) lists Wan Sui Yue as a po (破, "broaching") movement in Ping diao (平調; Japanese: Hyōjō).
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● Tongdian《通典》(Comprehensive Institutions)
Written by Tang Dynasty scholar and historian Du You (杜佑, 735-812) between 766 and 801, Tongdian discusses music in its fifth section; Wan Sui Yue (appearing as《萬歲樂》) is mentioned in volume 146.
● Jiegu Lu《羯鼓錄》
Jiegu Lu is a book on music in two parts by Nan Zhuo (南卓, fl. 848-850). The first part was completed in 848 and the second in 850. Wan Sui Yue appears as《萬歲樂》.
● Tang Huiyao《唐会要》(Institutional History of Tang)
This history of the Tang Dynasty, comprising 100 volumes and 514 sections, was compiled by Wang Pu (王溥, 922-982) and presented to Emperor Taizu, the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty, in 961. Wan Sui Yue (appearing as《萬歲樂》) is mentioned in volume 33.
● Yuefu Shiji《乐府诗集》by Guo Maoqian (郭茂倩, 1041-1099)
Wan Sui Yue appears in volume 47 as《萬歲樂》.
http://www.guoxue123.com/jijijibu/0201/00yfsj/047.htm
http://www.guoxue123.com/jijijibu/0201/00yfsj/047.htm
● Biji Manzhi《碧鸡漫志》
Biji Manzhi is a 5-volume commentary on lyrics and music by the scientist and poet Wang Zhuo (王灼, 1105-c. 1160), which was completed sometime in the mid-12th century, during the early Southern Song Dynasty. It traces the origins of many Tang-era yanyue pieces. Wan Sui Yue (appearing as《萬歲樂》) is discussed in volume 4.
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Videos and recordings of Wan Sui Yue
● Ensemble performance, with dance, of section 1 of the gakubyōshi version of Wan Sui Yue by an ensemble from the Research Centre for Japanese Traditional Music at the Kyoto City University of Arts, dir. Takwa Satoshi (Uji, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, 2015)
● Ensemble performance, with dance, of section 1 of the gakubyōshi version of Wan Sui Yue by an ensemble from the Research Centre for Japanese Traditional Music at the Kyoto City University of Arts, dir. Takwa Satoshi (Kyoto, Japan, 2015)
● Ensemble performance, with dance, of section 3 of the tadabyōshi version of Wan Sui Yue by an ensemble from the Research Centre for Japanese Traditional Music at the Kyoto City University of Arts, dir. Takwa Satoshi (Uji, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, 2015)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3OXUt3t7qE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3OXUt3t7qE
● Ensemble performance, with dance, of section 3 of the tadabyōshi version of Wan Sui Yue by an ensemble from the Research Centre for Japanese Traditional Music at the Kyoto City University of Arts, dir. Takwa Satoshi (Kyoto, Japan, 2015)
● Ensemble performance, with dance, of a portion of the tadabyōshi version of Wan Sui Yue by an ensemble from the Research Centre for Japanese Traditional Music at the Kyoto City University of Arts, dir. Takwa Satoshi (Uji, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, 2015)
● Ensemble performance, with dance, of a portion of the tadabyōshi version of Wan Sui Yue by an ensemble from the Research Centre for Japanese Traditional Music at the Kyoto City University of Arts, dir. Takwa Satoshi (Kyoto, Japan, 2015)
● Full-ensemble realization of Wan Sui Yue, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds (Japan, 2021)
● Full-ensemble realization of Wan Sui Yue, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds, revised version (Japan, 2021)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YDSxf5ZTlk8
● Realization of Wan Sui Yue, done on nanyin pipa and ruanxian by Bilibili user Hehehehehezhouzi (China, 2021)
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ky4y1V7Qs
● Full-ensemble realization of a Meiji-era version of Wan Sui Yue, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds (Japan, 2023)
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Bibliography
● Ng, Kwok Wai. "The Modes of Tôgaku from Tang-Period China to Modern Japan: Focusing on the Ôshikichô, Banshikichô and Hyôjô Modal Categories." Ph.D. dissertation. Sydney: University of Sydney, 2007.
https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/bitstream/2123/8716/1/THE_MODES_OF_T%C3%94GAKU_FROM_TANG_PERIOD_CHINA_TO_MODERN_VOL_1.pdf
https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/bitstream/2123/8716/2/THE_MODES_OF_T%C3%94GAKU_FROM_TANG_PERIOD_CHINA_TO_MODERN_VOL_2.pdf
https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/bitstream/2123/8716/2/THE_MODES_OF_T%C3%94GAKU_FROM_TANG_PERIOD_CHINA_TO_MODERN_VOL_2.pdf
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Thanks to Steven G. Nelson for assistance with this page.
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