Tang-era piece: He Nan Pu
《河南浦》
compiled by David Badagnani (rev. 23 July 2023)
In an effort to make this information more accessible, this document contains resources related to the Tang-era piece entitled He Nan Pu《河南浦》, which exists in the form of instrumental parts for a single-movement piece consisting of 16 measures of 8/4, in the Dorian mode.
As preserved in Sino-Japanese sources, this piece is called Kananfu『河南浦（かなんふ）』, and it appears in the following score collections:
1) Hakuga Fue-fu『博雅笛譜』, also known as Hakuga no Fue-fu (literally "Hakuga's Fue Scores"), and properly known as Shinsen Gaku-fu (Chōshukyō Chiku-fu) 『新撰樂譜（長秋卿竹譜）』(literally "Newly Compiled Music Scores (Lord Long Autumn's Bamboo [Flute] Scores)") (966)
2) and 3) Sango Yōroku and Jinchi Yōroku, both of which were compiled in the late 12th century
4) Ruisō Chiyō『類箏治要』(1296 or c. 1261)
5) Rosei Yōroku『蘆聲要録』(perhaps 1661)
5) Rosei Yōroku『蘆聲要録』(perhaps 1661)
In Hakuga Fue-fu, He Nan Pu is described as a piece of kogaku (古樂; Chinese: gu yue), meaning "ancient/old music," implying that this melody may have originated in the early Tang Dynasty, or possibly even earlier (the Sui Dynasty or Northern and Southern Dynasties period). This title does not, however, seem to be mentioned in any Chinese historical source.
According to musicologist Steven G. Nelson, historical records indicate that a performance of He Nan Pu, with a newly choreographed dance, was presented as part of the Great Thanksgiving Festival (called Daijō-e, 大嘗会, in Japanese) held after the enthronement of Emperor Ninmyō in 833, during the early Heian period. The origin of the melody itself is, however, not made clear in these records.
Also according to Nelson, there is a Chinese-style poem (called ei, 詠, in Japanese) associated with this piece, probably of Japanese authorship due to its content, which is included in the list of "Tang music" pieces prepared by the Japanese flute player Heguri no Hideshige that appears in his Sango Hishō『三五秘抄』(928), as well some later sources; this text would have been sung as one of the movements of the dance performance. The lyrics are as follows:
玄北星辰皆天道，朱南日月昭会場。
八島新器鎮万歳，自生無相属大嘗。
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Videos and recordings of He Nan Pu
● Full-ensemble realization of He Nan Pu, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds (Japan, 2021)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmZwqeU3rIw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JmZwqeU3rIw
● Full-ensemble realization of He Nan Pu, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds, revised version 1 (Japan, 2021)
● Full-ensemble realization of He Nan Pu, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds, revised version 2 (Japan, 2021)
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Bibliography
● Marett, Allan. "Tunes Notated in Flute-Tablature from a Japanese Source of the Tenth Century." Musica Asiatica, vol. 1 (1977), pp. 1-59.
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Thanks to Steven G. Nelson for assistance with this page.
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