Tang-era piece: Chi Bai Tao Li Hua
《赤白桃李花》
compiled by David Badagnani (rev. 19 November 2021)
In an effort to make this information more accessible, this document contains resources related to the Tang-era piece entitled Chi Bai Tao Li Hua《赤白桃李花》(Red and White Peach and Plum Blossoms), which exists in the form of instrumental parts for a suite in the Dorian mode comprising two movements:
1) 序 (Xu / Jo) - prelude/beginning2) 破 (Po / Ha) - "broaching"/breaking/developing, in six sections (called die 疊 in Chinese or jō 帖 in Japanese)
As preserved in Sino-Japanese sources, this piece is called Sekihaku Tōrika『赤白桃李花（せきはくとうりか）』, and it appears in the following score collections:
1) Hakuga Fue-fu『博雅笛譜』, also known as Hakuga no Fue-fu (literally "Hakuga's Fue Scores"), and properly known as Shinsen Gaku-fu (Chōshukyō Chiku-fu) 『新撰樂譜（長秋卿竹譜）』(literally "Newly Compiled Music Scores (Lord Long Autumn's Bamboo [Flute] Scores)") (966)
2) and 3) Sango Yōroku and Jinchi Yōroku, both of which were compiled in the late 12th century
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Chinese poems and poetic lyrics mentioning Chi Bai Tao Li Hua
《听唱赤白桃李花》
Listening to the Singing of "Red and White Peach and Plum Blossoms" (Ting Chang "Chi Bai Tao Li Hua")
作者：李益（唐）
by Li Yi (Tang Dynasty, 746 or 748-827 or 829)
赤白桃李花，先皇在时曲。
"Red and White Peach and Plum Blossoms"--
A tune from the time of our departed emperor.
欲向西宫唱，西宫宫树绿。
I wish that, when in the Western Palace it is sung,
The Western Palace's palace trees all turn green.
Notes:
The rhyming syllables were pronounced as follows in Middle Chinese:
● 曲 = kʰiok̚
● 绿 = liok̚
* * * * * * * * *
《和李校书新题乐府十二首 其五 法曲》
作者：元稹（中唐）
by Yuan Zhen (mid-Tang Dynasty, 779-831)
吾闻黄帝鼓清角，弭伏熊罴舞玄鹤。
舜持干羽苗革心，尧用咸池凤巢阁。
大夏濩武皆象功，功多已讶玄功薄。
汉祖过沛亦有歌，秦王破阵非无作。
作之宗庙见艰难，作之军旅传糟粕。
明皇度曲多新态，宛转侵淫易沈著。
赤白桃李取花名，霓裳羽衣号天落。
雅弄虽云已变乱，夷音未得相参错。
自从胡骑起烟尘，毛毳腥膻满咸洛。
女为胡妇学胡妆，伎进胡音务胡乐。
火凤声沈多咽绝，春莺啭罢长萧索。
胡音胡骑与胡妆，五十年来竞纷泊。
作者：元稹（中唐）
by Yuan Zhen (mid-Tang Dynasty, 779-831)
吾闻黄帝鼓清角，弭伏熊罴舞玄鹤。
舜持干羽苗革心，尧用咸池凤巢阁。
大夏濩武皆象功，功多已讶玄功薄。
汉祖过沛亦有歌，秦王破阵非无作。
作之宗庙见艰难，作之军旅传糟粕。
明皇度曲多新态，宛转侵淫易沈著。
赤白桃李取花名，霓裳羽衣号天落。
雅弄虽云已变乱，夷音未得相参错。
自从胡骑起烟尘，毛毳腥膻满咸洛。
女为胡妇学胡妆，伎进胡音务胡乐。
火凤声沈多咽绝，春莺啭罢长萧索。
胡音胡骑与胡妆，五十年来竞纷泊。
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Videos and recordings of Chi Bai Tao Li Hua
● Studio recording of a performance of Chi Bai Tao Li Hua by a 4-piece ensemble, from a CD released in 2018 by the Research Centre for Japanese Traditional Music at the Kyoto City University of Arts, dir. Takwa Satoshi
● Performance of Chi Bai Tao Li Hua, performed by Bilibili user Beilin Zhai Zhuren (北林斋主人), heng di (China, 2020)
● Performance of Chi Bai Tao Li Hua, as reconstructed by Xu Ge and Liu Tao, performed by Bilibili user Beilin Zhai Zhuren (北林斋主人), bili (China, 2020)
● Full-ensemble realization of Chi Bai Tao Li Hua, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds (Japan, 2021)
● Full-ensemble realization of Chi Bai Tao Li Hua, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds, revised version 1 (Japan, 2021)
● Full-ensemble realization of Chi Bai Tao Li Hua, done by Tokinori Yanagita using synthesized sounds, revised version 2 (Japan, 2021)
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Bibliography
● Marett, Allan. "Tunes Notated in Flute-Tablature from a Japanese Source of the Tenth Century." Musica Asiatica, vol. 1 (1977), pp. 1-59.
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